Difference Between TDD and BDD

When we are planning to start our automation framework design using JAVA or any programming language, there is a lot of buzzes and confusion around what exactly unit testing, Test-Driver Development (TDD) and Behaviour Driver Development (BDD) is, which approach is best to follow and what actually is difference between these approaches. Let’s Check it out.

Unit Testing

Unit Testing is normally done to test each and every single functionality, for this developers create a unit test to test each function one by one, Unit Testing is usually done so that developers can catch their own bugs and it existing code should not break after adding any new code to it. Needless to say, this test should be easy, small, simple and quick to write and execute.

Test Driven Development (TDD)

Test-Driven Development starts with designing and developing tests for every small functionality of an application. In the TDD approach, first, the test is developed which specifies and should validate what the code will do.

In this Testing process, we first write the code and then test. Tests might fail since tests are developed even before the development. In order to pass the test, the development team has to develop and refactors the code. Refactoring a code means changing some code without affecting its behavior.

Test-Driven development is a process of developing and running automated test before actual development of the application.

In Short TDD approach looks like this

Behavior Driven Development (BDD)

BDD is a way to deliver requirements. But not just any requirements, working ones. With BDD, we write scenarios in a format that can be run against the software to ascertain whether the software behaves as desired. BDD is the logical next step up from Test-Driven Development (TDD).

All the Scenarios are written in Gherkin language which uses Given, When, Then, And.

Here, Given indicates the initial context, When indicates the occurrence of an interesting event, and Then asserts an expected outcome. And maybe used to in place of a repeating keyword, to make the scenario more readable.

With the Help of Gherkin, we can write any requirements in a detailed format.

For instance

Given My Account has 1000 Rs as Balance, when I withdraw 500 Rs from that, my remaining balance would become 500 Rs.

In Practice, BDD Approach looks like this.